Generation and measurement of intense few-femtosecond superradiant extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses

Three-stage superradiant cascade (SRC) starting from an ultraviolet (UV) seed pulse and reaching the EUV spectral range have been realized at FERMI in order to shorten the pulse duration with femtosecond accuracy. N. S. Mirian et al.Nature Photonics 15, 523 (2021)
FEL-2 in SRC mode

Here we demonstrate the generation of few-femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses, whose duration we measure by autocorrelation. We achieve pulses four times shorter, and with a higher peak power, than in the standard high-gain harmonic generation mode and we prove that the pulse duration matches the Fourier transform limit of the spectral intensity distribution.
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Mirian N.S., Di Fraia M., Spampinati S., Sottocorona F., Allaria E., Badano L., Danailov M.B., Demidovich A., De Ninno G., Di Mitri S., Penco G., Rebernik Ribič P., Spezzani C., Gaio G., Trovó M., Mahne N., Manfredda M., Raimondi L., Zangrando M., Plekan O., Prince K.C., Mazza T., Squibb R.J., Callegari C., Yang X., Giannessi L.
Nature Photonics 15, 523 (2021)
doi: 10.1038/s41566-021-00815-w
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